Judy has just won a full scholarship to one of the most prestigious universities in the country; she must be on cloud nine now.

People nationwide have acted without hesitation to provide aids for the victims in the disaster-stricken areas.

The football final has been postponed until next Sunday due to the heavy snowstorm

The chairman’s thought-provoking question ignited a lively debate among the participants in the workshop

After a momentary _________ of concentration, Simon managed to regain his focus and completed the test. 

When hosting an Olympic Games, a country has to take account of several considerations, among which the financial one is by far the most important. The costs of hosting the Olympics can (23) ______ tens of billions of dollars, and it is commonplace for budgets to double or even triple. In
addition to direct costs of hosting the Games (the opening and closing ceremonies, athletes’ village,  security, etc.), cities often must build expensive new venues (24) ______ lesser-known sports. Once constructed, sports venues often incur additional maintenance costs long after the Games have ended.

Another form of body language that is used differently, depending on the culture, is distance. In North America people don’t generally stand as close to each other as in South America. Two North Body language is a vital form of communication. In fact, it is believed that the various forms of body
langauge contribute about 70 percent to our comprehension. It is important to note, however, that body language varies in different cultrues. Take for example, eye movement. In the USA a child is expected to look directly at a parent or teacher who is scolding him/her. In other cultures the opposite
is true. Looking directly at a teacher or parent in such a situation is considered a sign of disrespect.
     Americans who don’t know each other well will keep a distance of four feet between them, whereas South Americans in the same situation will stand two to three feet apart. North Americans will stand closer than two feet apart only if they are having a confidential conversation or if there is
intimacy between them.
     Gestures are often used to communicate. We point a finger, raise an eyebrow, wave an arm - or move any other part of the body - to show what we want to say. However, this does not mean that people all over the world use the same gestures to express the same meanings. Very often we find that the same gestures can communicate different meanings, depending on the country. An example of a gesture that could be misinterpreted is sticking out the tongue. In many cultures it is a sign of making a mistake, but in some places it communicates ridicule.
      The dangers of misunderstanding one another are great. Obviously, it is not enough to learn the language of another culture. You must also learn its non-verbal signals if you want to communicate successfully.
(Adapted from “Reading Academic English” by Judy Rapoport, Ronit Broder and Sarah Feingold)  

The word “intimacy” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to _________.

The word “misinterpreted” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to _________.

The green building movement, started in the 1970s as a way to reduce environmental destruction, is changing the way buildings are constructed. In the early years, green builders were a small minority, and their goals of reducing the environmental impact of buildings were considered unrealistic. Now, however, the movement is growing, as builders have been able to take advantage of new technology.
      Green builders try to make use of recycled materials, which means less waste in dumps. Also, they reduce environmental impact by reducing the energy requirements of a building. One way is to provide an alternative, non-polluting source of energy. First, with solar panels, it is possible to
produce electricity from the rays of the sun. Once installed, they provide energy at no cost and with no pollution.
       Another solution is to reduce the amount of energy required in a building. It is possible to cut electricity use noticeably by improving natural lighting and installing low-energy light bulbs. To reduce the amount of fuel needed for heating or cooling, builders also add insulation to the walls so
that the building stays warmer in winter and cooler in summer.
      One example of this advanced design is the Genzyme Center of Cambridge, the most environmentally responsible office building in America. Every aspect of the design and building had to consider two things: the need for a safe and pleasant workplace for employees and the need to lesson the negative environmental impact. 75 percent of the building materials were recycled materials, and the energy use has been reduced by 43 percent and water use by 32 percent, compared
with other buildings of the same size.
        It other parts of the world, several large-scale projects have recently been developed according
to green building principles. One of these is in Vauban, Germany, in an area that was once the site of
army housing. The site has been completely rebuilt with houses requiring 30 percent less energy than
conventional ones. These houses, heated by special non-polluting systems, are also equipped with
solar panels.
       A larger projects is under way in China. The first phase of this project will include houses for
400 families built with solar power, non-polluting bricks, and recycled wall insulation. In a second
phase, entire neighborhoods in six cities will be built. If all goes well, the Chinese government plans
to copy these ideas in new neighborhoods across China.
       Green building ideas, on a small or large scale are spreading. Individuals, companies, and
governments are beginning to see their benefits. Not only are they environmentally friendly, green
buildings improve living and working conditions and also save money in the long run.
(Adapted from “Advanced Reading Power” by Beatrice S. Mikulecky and Linda Jeffries)
Question 35: Which of the following does the passage mainly discuss? 

The word “they” in paragraph 2 refers to ________. 

The phrase “under way” in paragraph 6 mostyly means _________.

“Don’t forget to submit your assignments by Thursday,” said the teacher to the students.

They have carried out exhausting research into the effects of smartphones on schoolchildren’s behaviour and their academic performance.

Most wonders seems to be happy with their new working conditions.  

It is the night of 5th November that people in Britain light bonfires and have  fireworks  as a national tradition.

Joe has finished his frist-aid course. He proves extremely helpful as a rescue worker.
A. Although Joe proves extremely helpful as a rescue worker, he hasn’t finished his first-aid
course.
B.
C.
D. Having finished his first-aid course, Joe proves extremely helpful as a rescue worker.